The small intestine extends from the pyloric sphincter to the ileocecal valve , where it empties into the large intestine. The small intestine finishes the process of digestion , absorbs the nutrients, and passes the residue on to the large intestine. The liver , gallbladder , and pancreas are accessory organs of the digestive system that are closely associated with the small intestine. The small intestine is divided into the duodenum , jejunum , and ileum.
The small intestine follows the general structure of the digestive tract in that the wall has a mucosa with simple columnar epithelium , submucosa , smooth muscle with inner circular and outer longitudinal layers, and serosa.
The absorptive surface area of the small intestine is increased by plicae circulares , villi, and microvilli. Exocrine cells in the mucosa of the small intestine secrete mucus , peptidase, sucrase, maltase, lactase, lipase, and enterokinase.
Endocrine cells secrete cholecystokinin and secretin. The most important factor for regulating secretions in the small intestine is the presence of chyme. This is largely a local reflex action in response to chemical and mechanical irritation from the chyme and in response to distention of the intestinal wall.
Toggle navigation. Institutional subscriptions support Language. Keep me signed in. Forgot your password? Sign in with Facebook. Sign in with Apple. Description The haustra of the colon singular haustrum are the small pouches caused by sacculation, which give the colon its segmented appearance.
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Jones, J. Haustral folds.
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